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BGR provides the biennial energy study which covers data and developments concerning German and Global energy supplies. In addition the study also provides information on the global generation of renewable energies, including geothermal energy and hydrogen. 

IEA member countries’ closing oil stock levels in days of net imports monthly data. Each IEA member country, excluding net exporters (Canada, Denmark and Norway), has an obligation to have oil stock levels that equate to no less than 90 days of net imports. The IEA minimum stockholding obligation is based on net imports of all oil, including both primary products (such as crude oil, natural gas liquids [NGLs]) and refined products. It does not cover naphtha and volumes of oil used for international marine bunkers. The 90-day commitment of each IEA member country is based on average daily net imports of the previous calendar year. This commitment can be met through both stocks held exclusively for emergency purposes and stocks held for commercial or operational use, including stocks held at refineries, at port facilities, and in tankers in ports. The obligation specifies several types of stocks that cannot be counted toward the commitment, including military stocks, volumes in tankers at sea, in pipelines or at service stations, or amounts held by end-consumers (tertiary stocks). It also does not include crude oil not yet produced. Member countries can arrange to store oil outside of their national boundaries and include such stocks in meeting their minimum requirement. This option is particularly important for countries in which storage capacity constraints or supply logistics make domestic storage insufficient. To exercise this option and count the stocks held abroad toward the obligation, the governments involved must have bilateral agreements assuring unconditional access to the stocks in an emergency. When evaluating a country's compliance with the 90-day obligation, the IEA applies a 10% deduction to its total stocks, net any oil held under bilateral agreements. This accounts for any volumes that are technically unavailable (such as tank bottoms).

Japan: Historical Data on Oil and Natural Resources, Monthly Update Monthly data of Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Petroleum Fuels, Gasoline, Naphtha, Jet Fuel, Kerosene, Gas Oil, Total Fuel Oil, Fuel Oil A, Fuel Oil B / C, Lubricating Oil, Asphalt, Liquefied Petroleum Gas, Liquefied Natural Gas, Breakdown of Shipment of Non-Refinery Crude Oil.

The monthly energy data collections cover the most important energy commodities:Crude oil & Petroleum productsNatural gasSolid fuelsElectricity For each of the above mentioned commodities the inflowing data are delivered by the reporting countries to Eurostat via separate dedicated questionnaires. Important note: Renewable energies are not explicitly covered by a separate dedicated monthly questionnaire; only partial information, e.g. on biodiesels or on hydroelectricity, is included in other monthly questionnaires respectively.

Short-term monthly energy data collections cover the most important energy commodities: Oil & petroleum productsNatural gasElectricity Short-term monthly data provides information on main flows (quantities) on the supply side. The data collection covers the full spectrum of the 28 Member States of the European Union, EFTA country Norway, candidate countries (the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, and Turkey). Data on monthly short term statistics are collected by standard questionnaires according to Annex D of the Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2008 on energy statistics (this questionnaire is shared with the IEA, OECD, UNECE, OPEC, OLADE, APEC, IEFS and corresponds to the so-called Joint Oil Data Initiative, short-named JODI questionnaire). A combination of business surveys and other sources are used e.g. customs data for imports and exports or census including all producing enterprises.

The dataset illustrates the inter-country variations in the average price of one barrel of oil across G7 countries as well as the OECD average during 1984-2019.