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R&D expenditures as percentage of gross domestic product (% of GDP)
| 2005 | 2011 | 2013 | 2015 |
| Hamburg | 1,76 | 2,18 | 2,26 | 2,23 |
| Berlin | 3,48 | 3,32 | 3,55 | 3,54 |
| Brandenburg | 1,17 | 1,64 | 1,54 | 1,64 |
| Bayern | 2,89 | 2,99 | 3,13 | 3,15 |
| Bremen | 2,14 | 2,71 | 2,70 | 2,77 |
| Nordrhein-Westfalen | 1,72 | 1,96 | 1,92 | 1,95 |
| Rheinland-Pfalz | 1,66 | 1,99 | 2,12 | 2,34 |
| Saarland | 1,01 | 1,47 | 1,44 | 1,54 |
| Niedersachsen | 2,23 | 2,74 | 2,85 | 3,44 |
| Sachsen-Anhalt | 1,21 | 1,47 | 1,41 | 1,39 |
| Schleswig-Holstein | 1,14 | 1,40 | 1,47 | 1,47 |
| Baden-Württemberg | 4,07 | 4,79 | 4,77 | 4,92 |
| Sachsen | 2,37 | 2,79 | 2,75 | 2,71 |
| Thüringen | 1,87 | 2,11 | 2,15 | 2,00 |
| Hessen | 2,46 | 2,89 | 2,81 | 2,81 |
| Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | 1,45 | 2,04 | 1,80 | 1,86 |